Freitag, 13.01.2012
Philip Morris International (PMI)
PMI is ranked second in the global tobacco market behind the China National Tobacco Company.
• PMI ranks second in the Russian cigarette market with 26% of the market in 2009.
• Russia is PMI’s largest Marlboro cigarettes market and is still considered an emerging market that PMI specifically targets to improve the growth of the company.16 17
o “Russia [is] one of the key drivers of PMI’s strong overall results during the first half of 2008” according to Leo McLoughlin, Managing Director of PMI Affiliates in Russia.
• PMI ranks second in the Russian cigarette market with 26% of the market in 2009.
• Russia is PMI’s largest Marlboro cigarettes market and is still considered an emerging market that PMI specifically targets to improve the growth of the company.16 17
o “Russia [is] one of the key drivers of PMI’s strong overall results during the first half of 2008” according to Leo McLoughlin, Managing Director of PMI Affiliates in Russia.
Mittwoch, 16.11.2011
Social Impact of Smoking
Smoking in public was for a long time something reserved for men, and when done by women was sometimes associated with promiscuity.
In Japan during the Edo period, prostitutes and their clients would often approach one another under the guise of offering a smoke, and the same was true for 19th century Europe.
Following the American Civil War the usage of tobacco, primarily in cigarettes, became associated with masculinity and power, and is an iconic image associated with the stereotypical capitalist.
Today, tobacco is often rejected; this has spawned quitting associations and anti-smoking campaigns. Bhutanmarker is the only country in the world where tobacco sales are illegal.
In Japan during the Edo period, prostitutes and their clients would often approach one another under the guise of offering a smoke, and the same was true for 19th century Europe.
Following the American Civil War the usage of tobacco, primarily in cigarettes, became associated with masculinity and power, and is an iconic image associated with the stereotypical capitalist.
Today, tobacco is often rejected; this has spawned quitting associations and anti-smoking campaigns. Bhutanmarker is the only country in the world where tobacco sales are illegal.
Donnerstag, 24.03.2011
Sobraine cigarettes brand
Sobriane cigarette brand has been favorite cigarette brand for so many smokers. The smokers love the strong and smooth flavor of these cigarettes. Sobraine cigarettes are manufactured by Gallaher Group which was established in 1879. there are many premium varieties offered by the Sobraine cigarettes Sobraine Black Russian and Sobriane Cocktail which are manufactured in Ukraine. There are different styles produced by these cigarettes for ladies as well which are slimmer than the standard cigarettes and color of these cigarettes are brightly colored. There are five different pastel shades having good foil filter. There is gold foil filter used in the Black Russian cigarettes and it has different blend than Cocktails.
The price of these cigarettes is very expensive as compared to other premium cigarette brands but their quality is unmatched. There are different varieties of these cigarettes available in the market which include Sobraine classic, Sobraine Classic White, Sobraine White Russian, Sobraine Black Russian, Sobraine Mints, Sobraine Blues and SObraine Whites. The amount of tar and nicotine is different in all these different varieties. These cigarettes are easily available in different parts of the world mainly due to online cigarette stores. You can be able to get any amount of SObraine cigarettes just by sitting at your home. All you need is to go to online cigarette stores and you will have its delivery right at your door step. The good thing about these online cigarettes is that they can offer you Sobraine cigarettes at very low price.
The price of these cigarettes is very expensive as compared to other premium cigarette brands but their quality is unmatched. There are different varieties of these cigarettes available in the market which include Sobraine classic, Sobraine Classic White, Sobraine White Russian, Sobraine Black Russian, Sobraine Mints, Sobraine Blues and SObraine Whites. The amount of tar and nicotine is different in all these different varieties. These cigarettes are easily available in different parts of the world mainly due to online cigarette stores. You can be able to get any amount of SObraine cigarettes just by sitting at your home. All you need is to go to online cigarette stores and you will have its delivery right at your door step. The good thing about these online cigarettes is that they can offer you Sobraine cigarettes at very low price.
Mittwoch, 19.01.2011
La cigarette pourrait disparaître d’ici à 2050
La cigarette a toutes les chances de disparaître dans un futur proche, et c’est une banque qui le soutient. En effet, selon une étude de la banque américaine Citigroup, la disparition de la cigarette (marques Dunhill, Lucky Strike…)d’ici quarante ans dans de nombreux pays est une forte probabilité. «Le pourcentage de fumeurs décline actuellement dans les pays développés, et les baisses sont plus ou moins ontinuelles sur la plupart des marchés. Si ces tendances se poursuivent, la plupart des marchés du tabac seront égaux à zéro en 2050», indique l’étude cité par le quotidien britannique The Telegraph.
Mittwoch, 20.10.2010
Liberals Reject Smoking Ban in Rented Apartments
Ontario's Government recently rejected a proposal to allow landlords to ban smoking in rented apartments. The proposal was made by the province's Tobacco Strategy Advisory Group, and its stipulations included non-smoking clauses in apartment leases, generic packaging and licensing of retailers.
Michael Perley, Director of the Ontario Campaign for Action on Tobacco, said that with cigarettes contributing to the deaths of around 13,000 Ontarians per year and costing the healthcare system more about $6 billion a year, more must be done.
Michael Perley, Director of the Ontario Campaign for Action on Tobacco, said that with cigarettes contributing to the deaths of around 13,000 Ontarians per year and costing the healthcare system more about $6 billion a year, more must be done.

Mittwoch, 16.06.2010
Preventing the harm caused by passive smoking in children
All of the harms caused by passive smoking, including the direct health effects and effects on smoking uptake summarised above, are preventable by protecting children from exposure not just to cigarette smoke, but from exposure to smokers.
There are two broad approaches to this objective. The first, and by far the most effective, is to reduce the number of people, particularly parents, family members and other carers, who smoke. The second is to maximise the number of homes, and places that children visit, in which smoking does not occur.
There are two broad approaches to this objective. The first, and by far the most effective, is to reduce the number of people, particularly parents, family members and other carers, who smoke. The second is to maximise the number of homes, and places that children visit, in which smoking does not occur.
Dienstag, 25.05.2010
Amazing Sayings About Smoking
- "Much smoking kills live men and cures dead swine". ~George D.
Prentice
- "Nicotine patches are great. Stick one over each eye and
you can't find your cigarettes". ~Author Unknown
- "To smoke or not
to smoke:I can make of either a life-work". ~Mignon
McLaughlin
- "The best way to stop smoking is to just stop - no ifs,
ands or butts". ~Edith Zittler
- "A cigarette is
the perfect type of a perfect pleasure. It is exquisite, and it leaves
one unsatisfied. What more can one want?" ~Oscar
Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray
Prentice
- "Nicotine patches are great. Stick one over each eye and
you can't find your cigarettes". ~Author Unknown
- "To smoke or not
to smoke:I can make of either a life-work". ~Mignon
McLaughlin
- "The best way to stop smoking is to just stop - no ifs,
ands or butts". ~Edith Zittler
- "A cigarette is
the perfect type of a perfect pleasure. It is exquisite, and it leaves
one unsatisfied. What more can one want?" ~Oscar
Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray
Montag, 15.03.2010
Cultural Adaptation of Evidenced-Based Treatments for Special Populations
The next step for research with underserved smokers is to consider cultural adaptation of EBTs, as very few trials have been conducted with the groups listed in Table 1. Cultural adaptation
involves any modification of an EBT’s design, treatment components, approach to delivery, or nature of the therapeutic relationship in order to accommodate the cultural beliefs, values, attitudes, and behaviors of the target population (Hawkins, Kreuter, Resnicow, Fishbein, & Dijkstra, 2008). The historical, environmental,
and social forces that influence the target population should also be
taken into account during the cultural adaptation process (Resnicow, Soler, Braithwaite, Ahluwalia, & Butler, 2000). In this special section, one article used key values of the Latino population to culturally adapt a theory-based smoking cessation treatment (Borrelli et al., 2010), and another article evaluated whether African American smokers respond to an evidenced-based smoking cessation intervention without any ethnocultural modifications
involves any modification of an EBT’s design, treatment components, approach to delivery, or nature of the therapeutic relationship in order to accommodate the cultural beliefs, values, attitudes, and behaviors of the target population (Hawkins, Kreuter, Resnicow, Fishbein, & Dijkstra, 2008). The historical, environmental,
and social forces that influence the target population should also be
taken into account during the cultural adaptation process (Resnicow, Soler, Braithwaite, Ahluwalia, & Butler, 2000). In this special section, one article used key values of the Latino population to culturally adapt a theory-based smoking cessation treatment (Borrelli et al., 2010), and another article evaluated whether African American smokers respond to an evidenced-based smoking cessation intervention without any ethnocultural modifications
Mittwoch, 13.01.2010
COMBATING TOBACCO USE IN MILITARY
The committee assessed current tobacco-use policies and practices in DoD, VA, and other organizations, such as Kaiser Permanente; addressed such issues as treatment, existing policies, programs, infrastructure, and special populations; and made recommendations for improving efforts. The committee was asked to focus on evidence-based tobacco-control programs and policies in its report and interpreted this to mean assessment of policies, programs,
and activities that used appropriate methods and whose results were published in widely accepted and used peer-reviewed journals. To evaluate the current policies and programs
systematically and provide guidance for future directions for tobacco control in VA and DoD, the committee first identified the evidence base that forms the best practices; in general, the
evidence base consists of successful programs and approaches used in the general US population.
The committee then determined whether DoD and VA were using those best practices or a similar approach. If not, the committee identified possible obstacles to their implementation and
made recommendations on how to overcome them from both a policy perspective and a programmatic perspective, including identification of who must implement the recommendations.
and activities that used appropriate methods and whose results were published in widely accepted and used peer-reviewed journals. To evaluate the current policies and programs
systematically and provide guidance for future directions for tobacco control in VA and DoD, the committee first identified the evidence base that forms the best practices; in general, the
evidence base consists of successful programs and approaches used in the general US population.
The committee then determined whether DoD and VA were using those best practices or a similar approach. If not, the committee identified possible obstacles to their implementation and
made recommendations on how to overcome them from both a policy perspective and a programmatic perspective, including identification of who must implement the recommendations.
Dienstag, 15.12.2009
R.J. Reynolds second quarter
“During the second quarter, we were better able to evaluate how the April 1 federal excise tax increases on tobacco products would impact our operating companies,” she said.
Based on those factors and on RAI’s first-half results, the company now expects full-year adjusted EPS, which excludes trademark impairments, in the range of $4.40 to $4.60, compared with its previous guidance of $4.15 to $4.45.
Ivey also noted that in the second quarter:
• R.J. Reynolds posted higher operating income, margin and total cigarette market share, with strong performance by its growth brands, Camel and Pall Mall; and,
Based on those factors and on RAI’s first-half results, the company now expects full-year adjusted EPS, which excludes trademark impairments, in the range of $4.40 to $4.60, compared with its previous guidance of $4.15 to $4.45.
Ivey also noted that in the second quarter:
• R.J. Reynolds posted higher operating income, margin and total cigarette market share, with strong performance by its growth brands, Camel and Pall Mall; and,
Freitag, 27.11.2009
Policy implications in movies with tobacco
About half of youth smoking initiation in the US is attributed to exposure to movies with smoking. Cumulative exposure to all sorts of tobacco depictions in films predicts adolescent smoking initiation. Depictions of smoking by both “good
guys” and “bad guys” recruit new teen smokers.15 State tobacco control programs have allocated substantial resources to addressing this channel of recruitment. Since 2002, public health experts have pressed major studio distributors and their parent
companies to rate future films with smoking “R,” which would give producers and studios a market incentive to keep smoking out of future youth‐rated films, and to adopt other measures to reduce health harm, such as certifying that productions are no longer taking payoffs from the tobacco industry
guys” and “bad guys” recruit new teen smokers.15 State tobacco control programs have allocated substantial resources to addressing this channel of recruitment. Since 2002, public health experts have pressed major studio distributors and their parent
companies to rate future films with smoking “R,” which would give producers and studios a market incentive to keep smoking out of future youth‐rated films, and to adopt other measures to reduce health harm, such as certifying that productions are no longer taking payoffs from the tobacco industry
Freitag, 06.11.2009
Gradually Diminishing Thoughts and Urges
During early recovery, periods of challenge may at times felt overwhelming. But
hurricane force winds are now long gone. Still, it is entirely normal during the first
couple of years to still be having thoughts of wanting and even encounter remote,
seasonal or infrequent nicotine feeding cues. They may be associated with uncommon
events such as relationships ending, crossing paths with an old friend, the birth of a baby,
a wedding receptions or even death.
hurricane force winds are now long gone. Still, it is entirely normal during the first
couple of years to still be having thoughts of wanting and even encounter remote,
seasonal or infrequent nicotine feeding cues. They may be associated with uncommon
events such as relationships ending, crossing paths with an old friend, the birth of a baby,
a wedding receptions or even death.
Donnerstag, 22.10.2009
Confronting alcohol related crave triggers
As mentioned, alcohol use is associated
with roughly half of all relapses. It is an exception to the rule that we should try to
quickly extinguish learned nicotine use associations.
Regarding alcohol, it’s prudent to allow ourselves a few days to get our recovery legs
under us and move past peak withdrawal before attempting to use it. Even then, due to
diminished inhibitions, the smart move is to consider breaking drinking down into more
manageable challenges that present fewer crave triggering cues.
with roughly half of all relapses. It is an exception to the rule that we should try to
quickly extinguish learned nicotine use associations.
Regarding alcohol, it’s prudent to allow ourselves a few days to get our recovery legs
under us and move past peak withdrawal before attempting to use it. Even then, due to
diminished inhibitions, the smart move is to consider breaking drinking down into more
manageable challenges that present fewer crave triggering cues.
Donnerstag, 24.09.2009
Emotional Recovery from smoking addictions
Feelings reflect emotional awareness or how we feel about the emotions stirring within us. The structure and function of these beautiful minds combine with instinctive, subconscious and conscious awareness to create an intuitive emotional richness that rivals the stars. Yet, if the only emotions remaining were those
untouched by our addiction, our mind’s unfeeling night sky would be empty and dark.
That isn’t to say that as nicotine addicts we didn’t have emotionally rich, full and meaningful lives. It means that to varying degrees and frequency, our addiction infected nearly all of our emotions. Rising and falling blood-serum levels of the psychoactive chemical nicotine impacted dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glutamate.
Emotion can be broken down into three overlapping categories: (1) primary emotions, (2) secondary emotions and (3) background emotions.
untouched by our addiction, our mind’s unfeeling night sky would be empty and dark.
That isn’t to say that as nicotine addicts we didn’t have emotionally rich, full and meaningful lives. It means that to varying degrees and frequency, our addiction infected nearly all of our emotions. Rising and falling blood-serum levels of the psychoactive chemical nicotine impacted dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glutamate.
Emotion can be broken down into three overlapping categories: (1) primary emotions, (2) secondary emotions and (3) background emotions.
Dienstag, 15.09.2009
Remove nicotine from blood plasma
A 2006 study found that drinking one liter of full-strength grapefruit juice (34 ounces or about 2 pints) will increase the rate by which the kidneys remove nicotine from blood plasma by 88%, as compared to when drinking 1 liter of water (231 milliliters of nicotine-free blood produced per minute using grapefruit juice vs. 123 milliliters of blood when drinking water).270 The study found that even if the grapefruit juice was halfstrength that nicotine’s renal clearance rate increased by 78% (219 milliliters per minute).
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 with 7 being neutral. The further below 7 a substance is, the greater its acidity. The higher a substance is above 7, the greater its alkalinity.
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 with 7 being neutral. The further below 7 a substance is, the greater its acidity. The higher a substance is above 7, the greater its alkalinity.
Dienstag, 25.08.2009
I smke for pleasure
“I smoke for pleasure.” Pleasure? It’s the Newport sales cry and it’s highly effective.
Pleasure is defined as a state of gratification, a source of delight, satisfaction or joy.
Tobacco industry store marketing almost daily crams pleasure suggestions down our throats
and into our subconscious minds. Playing upon dopamine's "aaah," they tout satisfaction as
why smokers smoke.
The pictures associated with pleasure marketing almost
always depict smokers laughing, looking carefree and having
fun. While the conscious mind may not be noticing them, our
subconscious is always listening.
Pleasure rationalizations sink their teeth into nicotine’s
dopamine high while ignoring the anxieties of nicotine’s low.
Pleasure is defined as a state of gratification, a source of delight, satisfaction or joy.
Tobacco industry store marketing almost daily crams pleasure suggestions down our throats
and into our subconscious minds. Playing upon dopamine's "aaah," they tout satisfaction as
why smokers smoke.
The pictures associated with pleasure marketing almost
always depict smokers laughing, looking carefree and having
fun. While the conscious mind may not be noticing them, our
subconscious is always listening.
Pleasure rationalizations sink their teeth into nicotine’s
dopamine high while ignoring the anxieties of nicotine’s low.
Mittwoch, 12.08.2009
Lorillard Tobacco Company
Founded in 1760, Lorillard Tobacco Company is the oldest U.S. tobacco company. Its brands
include Kent, Maverick, Max, Newport, Old Gold, Satin, Triumph and True. The following
telling quotes are from once secret Lorillard documents:
April 13, 1977: “Tobacco scientists know that physiological satisfaction is almost totally
related to nicotine intake.”
November 3, 1977 - “I don't know of any smoker who at some point hasn't wished he
didn’t smoke. If we could offer an acceptable alternative for providing nicotine, I am
100 percent sure we would have a gigantic brand.”
February 13, 1980: “Goal - Determine the minimum level of nicotine that will allow
continued smoking. We hypothesize satisfaction cannot be compensated for by
psychological satisfaction. At this point smokers will quit, or return to higher tar &nicotine brands.”
include Kent, Maverick, Max, Newport, Old Gold, Satin, Triumph and True. The following
telling quotes are from once secret Lorillard documents:
April 13, 1977: “Tobacco scientists know that physiological satisfaction is almost totally
related to nicotine intake.”
November 3, 1977 - “I don't know of any smoker who at some point hasn't wished he
didn’t smoke. If we could offer an acceptable alternative for providing nicotine, I am
100 percent sure we would have a gigantic brand.”
February 13, 1980: “Goal - Determine the minimum level of nicotine that will allow
continued smoking. We hypothesize satisfaction cannot be compensated for by
psychological satisfaction. At this point smokers will quit, or return to higher tar &nicotine brands.”
Mittwoch, 05.08.2009
Drug addiction
Drug addiction is about the
brain's "pay attention"
dopamine reward pathways
being taken hostage by an
external chemical. As
previously explained, these
pathways were engineered to
teach and reinforce species
survival priorities associated
with food, water, nurturing,
accomplishment and
reproduction. Enter nicotine,
what some researchers consider
the most perfectly designed
drug of addiction.’‘
brain's "pay attention"
dopamine reward pathways
being taken hostage by an
external chemical. As
previously explained, these
pathways were engineered to
teach and reinforce species
survival priorities associated
with food, water, nurturing,
accomplishment and
reproduction. Enter nicotine,
what some researchers consider
the most perfectly designed
drug of addiction.’‘
Freitag, 17.07.2009
Health various effects
Because of the
uncertainties associated with health various effects, and because such effects would at
least partially offset each other, CBO cannot estimate the net impact on the federal
budget for purposes of determining whether enacting the legislation would cause a net
increase in deficits in excess of $5 billion in any of the four 10-year periods beginning
after fiscal year 2019.
Medicaid spending would also be affected. A decline in smoking would reduce the costs
associated with treating low-birthweight babies. Other potential savings to Medicaid are
possible in both the near term and long term, as some Medicaid beneficiaries would be
healthier and cost Medicaid less if they avoid smoking as a result of enactment.
However, greater longevity of such beneficiaries could eventually lead to higher
Medicaid outlays for long-term care services.
uncertainties associated with health various effects, and because such effects would at
least partially offset each other, CBO cannot estimate the net impact on the federal
budget for purposes of determining whether enacting the legislation would cause a net
increase in deficits in excess of $5 billion in any of the four 10-year periods beginning
after fiscal year 2019.
Medicaid spending would also be affected. A decline in smoking would reduce the costs
associated with treating low-birthweight babies. Other potential savings to Medicaid are
possible in both the near term and long term, as some Medicaid beneficiaries would be
healthier and cost Medicaid less if they avoid smoking as a result of enactment.
However, greater longevity of such beneficiaries could eventually lead to higher
Medicaid outlays for long-term care services.
Mittwoch, 01.07.2009
Trends in tobacco trade
Between 1970 and 1999, the quantity
exported nearly doubled. Imports of tobacco
did not start until 1984, and the quantity
imported in 1999 was more than 10 times that
of 1985. However, the total quantity exported
showed considerable fluctuation during this
period, while import quantity increased. The
volume exported was lowest in 1978, and
peaked in the 1996–98 period. Import volumes
have increased in all years except 1989, 1990,
1993 and 1998. The net trade volume declined
in 1984, with the appearance of imports, but
displayed a consistent pattern thereafter
exported nearly doubled. Imports of tobacco
did not start until 1984, and the quantity
imported in 1999 was more than 10 times that
of 1985. However, the total quantity exported
showed considerable fluctuation during this
period, while import quantity increased. The
volume exported was lowest in 1978, and
peaked in the 1996–98 period. Import volumes
have increased in all years except 1989, 1990,
1993 and 1998. The net trade volume declined
in 1984, with the appearance of imports, but
displayed a consistent pattern thereafter